πŸ“˜[가정법] | 쑰건을 λ‚˜νƒ€λ‚΄λŠ” if, 가정법 κ³Όκ±°(If, I wish)

μ˜μ–΄ λ¬Έμž₯μ—μ„œ 쑰건을 λ‚˜νƒ€λ‚΄λŠ” ν‘œν˜„μ€ 맀우 자주 λ“±μž₯ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
특히 if 쑰건문, 가정법 κ³Όκ±°, I wish ꡬ문은 내신은 λ¬Όλ‘  수λŠ₯, νšŒν™”, μž‘λ¬Έμ—μ„œλ„ κΈ°λ³Έμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.

이 κΈ€μ—μ„œλŠ” λ‹€μŒ λ„€ κ°€μ§€λ₯Ό μ€‘μ‹¬μœΌλ‘œ 쑰건문을 μ™„μ „ μ •λ¦¬ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.

πŸ”Ή ν˜„μ‹€ 쑰건문: If + ν˜„μž¬ν˜•
πŸ”Ή 가정법 κ³Όκ±°: If + κ³Όκ±°ν˜•
πŸ”Ή I wish ꡬ문: λ‹€μ–‘ν•œ μ†Œλ§ ν‘œν˜„
πŸ”Ή μ‹€μ „ λ―Έλ‹ˆν€΄μ¦ˆλ‘œ 확인


βœ… 1. ν˜„μ‹€ 쑰건문 (If + ν˜„μž¬ν˜•)

πŸ“Œ κ°œλ… 정리
ν˜„μ‹€μ—μ„œ 일어날 κ°€λŠ₯성이 μžˆλŠ” 쑰건을 λ‚˜νƒ€λ‚Ό λ•Œ μ‚¬μš©ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
Ifμ ˆμ€ ν˜„μž¬ μ‹œμ œλ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν•˜λ©°, μ£Όμ ˆμ—λŠ” will, can, may 같은 미래 ν‘œν˜„μ΄ μ˜΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.

πŸ“Ž λŒ€ν‘œ 예문

  • If it rains tomorrow, we will cancel the picnic.
     (내일 λΉ„κ°€ 였면 μ†Œν’μ„ μ·¨μ†Œν•  것이닀.)

❗ 문법 주의

  • ifμ ˆμ—λŠ” will을 μ“°μ§€ μ•ŠμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
     (Γ—) If it will rain tomorrow
     (β—‹) If it rains tomorrow

πŸ” if vs. when

  • If I see him tomorrow, I’ll talk to him. (λ³Όμ§€ ν™•μ‹€ν•˜μ§€ μ•Šμ„ λ•Œ)
  • When I see him tomorrow, I’ll talk to him. (λ³΄λŠ” 게 ν™•μ‹€ν•  λ•Œ)

βœ… 2. 가정법 κ³Όκ±° (If + κ³Όκ±°ν˜•)

πŸ“Œ κ°œλ… 정리
ν˜„μž¬ 사싀과 λ°˜λŒ€λ˜λŠ” 상상을 ν‘œν˜„ν•  λ•Œ μ‚¬μš©ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
μ‹€μ œλ‘œλŠ” λΆˆκ°€λŠ₯ν•˜κ±°λ‚˜ 사싀이 μ•„λ‹Œ 쑰건을 κ°€μ •ν•˜μ—¬ λ§ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.

πŸ’‘ 곡식
If + μ£Όμ–΄ + κ³Όκ±°ν˜•, μ£Όμ–΄ + would/could/might + λ™μ‚¬μ›ν˜•

πŸ“Ž λŒ€ν‘œ 예문

  • If I had wings, I would fly across the sky.
     (λ‚΄κ²Œ λ‚ κ°œκ°€ μžˆλ‹€λ©΄ ν•˜λŠ˜μ„ λ‚  텐데.)

πŸ“ beλ™μ‚¬λŠ” were μ‚¬μš©

  • If I were you, I would not hesitate.
     (λ‚΄κ°€ λ„ˆλΌλ©΄ μ£Όμ €ν•˜μ§€ μ•Šμ„ κ±°μ•Ό.)

βœ… 3. I wish ꡬ문

✨ 3-1) 가정법을 μ΄μš©ν•œ λ°”λžŒ ν‘œν˜„

πŸ“Œ κ°œλ…
ν˜„μ‹€κ³Ό λ°˜λŒ€λ˜λŠ” λ°”λžŒμ„ λ‚˜νƒ€λ‚Ό λ•Œ μ‚¬μš©ν•˜λ©°, μ‹œμ œλŠ” κ³Όκ±°ν˜•μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.

πŸ’‘ 곡식
I wish + μ£Όμ–΄ + κ³Όκ±°ν˜• / would + λ™μ‚¬μ›ν˜•

πŸ“Ž λŒ€ν‘œ 예문

  • I wish I had more free time.
     (λ‚΄κ²Œ 자유 μ‹œκ°„μ΄ 더 μžˆλ‹€λ©΄ 쒋을 텐데.)
  • I wish it would stop raining.
     (λΉ„κ°€ 그쳀으면 μ’‹κ² λŠ”λ°.)

β€» 미래 μ†Œλ§μ—λŠ” μ’…μ†μ ˆμ— will λŒ€μ‹  would μ‚¬μš©


✨ 3-2) 일반적인 μ†Œλ§ ν‘œν˜„ (직섀법)

πŸ“Œ κ°œλ…
격식 μžˆλŠ” ν‘œν˜„μœΌλ‘œ μ‹€μ œ κ°€λŠ₯ν•œ λ°”λžŒμ„ λ‚˜νƒ€λ‚Ό λ•Œ μ‚¬μš©ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.

πŸ’‘ 곡식
I wish + to뢀정사

πŸ“Ž λŒ€ν‘œ 예문

  • I wish to meet the singer in person.
     (κ·Έ κ°€μˆ˜λ₯Ό 직접 λ§Œλ‚˜κ³  μ‹ΆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.)

✨ 3-3) 기원 ν‘œν˜„ (4ν˜•μ‹)

πŸ“Œ κ°œλ…
μƒλŒ€λ°©μ˜ ν–‰λ³΅μ΄λ‚˜ ν–‰μš΄μ„ 기원할 λ•Œ μ‚¬μš©ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.

πŸ’‘ 곡식
I wish + μ‚¬λžŒ + λͺ…사

πŸ“Ž λŒ€ν‘œ 예문

  • I wish you a Merry Christmas.
     (즐거운 크리슀마슀λ₯Ό λ³΄λ‚΄μ‹œκΈΈ λ°”λžλ‹ˆλ‹€.)

πŸ“Š 쑰건문·I wish μ •λ¦¬ν‘œ + λŒ€ν‘œ 예문

ꡬ뢄문μž₯ κ΅¬μ‘°μ˜λ―Έλ¬Έλ²• ν˜•νƒœλŒ€ν‘œ 예문
πŸ’¬ ν˜„μ‹€ 쑰건문If + ν˜„μž¬ν˜•, 주절(will/can λ“±)ν˜„μ‹€μ—μ„œ κ°€λŠ₯ν•œ 쑰건직섀법If it rains, we’ll cancel it.
πŸ’­ 가정법 쑰건문If + κ³Όκ±°ν˜•, 주절(would λ“±)ν˜„μ‹€κ³Ό λ°˜λŒ€λ˜λŠ” 상상가정법If I were rich, I would travel the world.
πŸ™‡ I wish (가정법)I wish + κ³Όκ±°ν˜• / wouldν˜„μž¬Β·λ―Έλž˜ 사싀과 λ°˜λŒ€λ˜λŠ” λ°”λžŒκ°€μ •λ²•I wish I could speak Spanish.
πŸ™‹ I wish to ~I wish + toλΆ€μ •μ‚¬μ‹€μ œ κ°€λŠ₯ν•œ 격식체 μ†Œλ§μ§μ„€λ²•I wish to speak with the manager.
πŸŽ‰ I wish you ~I wish + μ‚¬λžŒ + λͺ…사인사, 좕볡 ν‘œν˜„μ§μ„€λ²•I wish you good luck.

🎯 λ―Έλ‹ˆν€΄μ¦ˆ β‘  | 가정법 쑰건문으둜 λ°”κΎΈκΈ°

λ‹€μŒ λ¬Έμž₯을 If 가정법 λ¬Έμž₯으둜 λ°”κΏ”λ³΄μ„Έμš”.

1. As she isn’t in the office, I can’t meet her.
β†’ If she were in the office, I could meet her.

2. As I am appointed as principal of this school, I won’t leave this city.
β†’ If I weren’t appointed as principal of this school, I would leave this city.

3. As Ms. Kim can’t find another apartment, she will stay here for one more month.
β†’ If Ms. Kim could find another apartment, she wouldn’t stay here for one more month.


🎯 λ―Έλ‹ˆν€΄μ¦ˆ β‘‘ | I wish ꡬ문 μ™„μ„±

μ•„λž˜ λ¬Έμž₯을 보고 μ˜λ―Έμ— λ§žλŠ” I wish λ¬Έμž₯을 μ™„μ„±ν•˜μ„Έμš”.

4. I’m sorry that I am not good at painting like my sister.
β†’ I wish I were good at painting like my sister.

5. I’m sorry that we don’t live in a world free from wars.
β†’ I wish we lived in a world free from wars.

6. I’m sorry that I am not allowed to go out after 9 o’clock.
β†’ I wish I were allowed to go out after 9 o’clock.


πŸ“Œ ν•™μŠ΅ Tip
쑰건문과 I wish ꡬ문은 μ“°μž„μƒˆκ°€ λ‹€λ₯΄μ§€λ§Œ, λͺ¨λ‘ β€œν˜„μž¬ λ˜λŠ” 미래 상황에 λŒ€ν•œ 상상 λ˜λŠ” μ†Œλ§β€μ„ λ‹΄κ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
ꡬ쑰λ₯Ό μ΄ν•΄ν•˜κ³  μ˜ˆλ¬Έμ„ 읡히면 μ˜μ–΄ ν‘œν˜„λ ₯이 훨씬 ν’λΆ€ν•΄μ§‘λ‹ˆλ‹€.

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