๐Ÿงฎ๐Ÿ“ฅ[ํ•ธ๋“œ์•„์›ƒ] ๊ด€๊ณ„๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ which์˜ ๊ณ„์†์  ์šฉ๋ฒ•+PDF

์•ž ๋ช…์‚ฌ vs ๋ฌธ์žฅ ์ „์ฒด ์ˆ˜์‹ ๊ตฌ๋ณ„๋ฒ• ์™„์ „ ์ •๋ฆฌ โœ” ํ•™์Šต ๋ชฉํ‘œ ๐Ÿ”น ๊ฐœ๋… ํ•œ๋ˆˆ์— ๋ณด๊ธฐ ๊ด€๊ณ„๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ which๋Š” ์ฝค๋งˆ(,) ๋’ค์—์„œ ์•ž์— ๋‚˜์˜จ ๋ช…์‚ฌ ๋˜๋Š” ๋ฌธ์žฅ ์ „์ฒด๋ฅผ ๋ถ€๊ฐ€์ ์œผ๋กœ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๋Š” ์—ญํ• ์„ ํ•œ๋‹ค.โ†’ ํ•ญ์ƒ ์ฝค๋งˆ ๋’ค์— ์œ„์น˜ํ•˜๋ฉฐ, ์ƒ๋žตํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Œ.โ†’ ํ•ด์„์€ โ€œ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ~ํ–ˆ๋‹คโ€ ๋˜๋Š” โ€œ๊ทธ ์ผ์€ ~ํ–ˆ๋‹คโ€์˜ ์˜๋ฏธ๊ฐ€ ๋จ. ๐Ÿ”น ๊ฐœ๋… ๋น„๊ตํ‘œ ๊ตฌ๋ถ„ ํฌ์ธํŠธ ์•ž ๋ช…์‚ฌ๋งŒ ์ˆ˜์‹ ๋ฌธ์žฅ … ๋” ์ฝ๊ธฐ

๐Ÿ“˜ [๊ฐœ๋…] ๊ด€๊ณ„๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ which์˜ ๊ณ„์†์  ์šฉ๋ฒ• | ์ˆ˜์ผ์น˜

์ฝค๋งˆ(,) ๋’ค์— ์˜ค๋Š” ๊ณ„์†์  ์šฉ๋ฒ•์—์„œ ์ž์ฃผ ํ‹€๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด์œ  โœ” ํ•™์Šต ๋ชฉํ‘œ ๐Ÿง  ๊ฐœ๋… ํ•œ๋ˆˆ์— ๋ณด๊ธฐ ๊ตฌ๋ถ„ ์„ค๋ช… ๊ด€๊ณ„๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ which ์•ž์˜ ๋ช…์‚ฌ(๋˜๋Š” ์ „์ฒด ๋ฌธ์žฅ)๋ฅผ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๋Š” ์ ˆ์„ ์ด๋„๋Š” ๋ง ๊ณ„์†์  ์šฉ๋ฒ• (non-restrictive) ์ฝค๋งˆ(,) ๋’ค์— ์œ„์น˜ํ•˜๋ฉฐ, ๋ถ€๊ฐ€์ ์ธ ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ๋ง๋ถ™์ž„ ์ˆ˜ ์ผ์น˜ ์›์น™ ์„ ํ–‰์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ๋‹จ์ˆ˜๋ฉด ๋‹จ์ˆ˜ ๋™์‚ฌ, ๋ณต์ˆ˜๋ฉด ๋ณต์ˆ˜ ๋™์‚ฌ ์‚ฌ์šฉ โœจ ์ฝค๋งˆ(,) ๋’ค which์ ˆ์—์„œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๊ฑด ์•ž … ๋” ์ฝ๊ธฐ

๐Ÿ“™[์‹ค์ „ ์˜์–ด๋…ํ•ด+๋ฌธ๋ฒ•] | Friction in Motion (์ž๋™์ฑ„์ )

โœ” ํ•™์Šต ๋ชฉํ‘œ โœ… ์ด ์ฝ˜ํ…์ธ ๋Š” ์ž๋™์ฑ„์  ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ์ด ํฌํ•จ๋œ ์‹ค์ „ ์˜์–ด ๋…ํ•ด ๋ฌธ์ œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ํ’€๊ณ  โ€˜์ฑ„์ ํ•˜๊ธฐโ€™ ๋ฒ„ํŠผ์„ ๋ˆ„๋ฅด๋ฉด ์ •๋‹ต๊ณผ ํ•ด์„ค์ด ๋ฐ”๋กœ ํ™•์ธ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๐Ÿ“˜ ๋…ํ•ด ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜ ์ž๋™์ฑ„์  ๋ฌธ์ œ ๐Ÿ“˜ Reading Passage Friction, which is the resistance between two surfaces, plays a vital role in controlling motion. Occurring whenever objects are in contact, friction either slows or stops … ๋” ์ฝ๊ธฐ

๐Ÿ“— ๊ด€๊ณ„์‚ฌ ์‹ค์ „ Day 1 (์ž๋™์ฑ„์ )๏ฝœโ€œ๋’ค์— ๋™์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์˜ค๋ฉด ์ฃผ๊ฒฉ!โ€ ๋ฌธ์žฅ ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋กœ ํ‘ธ๋Š” ๊ด€๊ณ„์‚ฌ

โ€œ๋’ค์— ๋™์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์˜ค๋ฉด ์ฃผ๊ฒฉ!โ€ ๋ฌธ์žฅ ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋กœ ํ‘ธ๋Š” ๊ด€๊ณ„์‚ฌ ๊ด€๊ณ„๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ๋Š” ๋‹จ์ˆœ ์•”๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ๋ฌธ์žฅ ๊ตฌ์กฐ ๋ถ„์„์ด ํ•ต์‹ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.์ด๋ฒˆ ์‹ค์ „ ์„ธํŠธ๋Š” ์ฃผ๊ฒฉ ยท ๋ชฉ์ ๊ฒฉ ยท ์†Œ์œ ๊ฒฉ ยท ๊ณ„์†์  ์šฉ๋ฒ•์„๋ฌธ์žฅ ํ๋ฆ„ ์†์—์„œ ์ž์—ฐ์Šค๋Ÿฝ๊ฒŒ ๊ตฌ๋ณ„ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ์„ค๊ณ„๋œ ๋ฌธ์ œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. โœ”๏ธ ์ถ”์ฒœ ๋Œ€์ƒ ๐Ÿ“Œ ํ•ต์‹ฌ ๋ฌธ๋ฒ• ์š”์•ฝ ๊ตฌ๋ถ„ ํŒ๋‹จ ๊ธฐ์ค€ ์˜ˆ์‹œ ์ฃผ๊ฒฉ ๊ด€๊ณ„๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ ๊ด€๊ณ„์‚ฌ ๋’ค์— ๋™์‚ฌ who won, which was broken … ๋” ์ฝ๊ธฐ

๐Ÿ“˜[๊ฐœ๋…] ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ + ๊ด€๊ณ„๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ ์™„์ „ ์ •๋ณต! (์ž๋™์ฑ„์ )

๏ฝœ๊ตฌ์–ด์ฒด vs ๊ฒฉ์‹์ฒด ํ‘œํ˜„ ๋น„๊ต + ๊ด€๊ณ„๋ถ€์‚ฌ์™€์˜ ์ฐจ์ด ๐Ÿ”— ์ฐธ๊ณ  ๊ฐ•์˜: ๐Ÿ“บ YouTube ๊ฐ•์˜ ๋ณด๊ธฐ โœ” ์ˆ˜์—… ๋ชฉํ‘œ 1๏ธโƒฃ ๊ธฐ๋ณธ ๊ฐœ๋… ๊ด€๊ณ„๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ๋ž€? ๊ด€๊ณ„๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ๋Š” **์•ž์— ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ช…์‚ฌ(์„ ํ–‰์‚ฌ)**๋ฅผ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ ๋‘ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐํ•ด์ฃผ๋Š” ๋ง์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์„ ํ–‰์‚ฌ๋ž€? ๊ด€๊ณ„๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•ด์ฃผ๋Š” ์•ž์˜ ๋ช…์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.๋ณดํ†ต ๊ด€๊ณ„๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ ์•ž์— ๋‚˜์˜ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. 2๏ธโƒฃ ๊ด€๊ณ„๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ vs ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ + ๊ด€๊ณ„๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ ๋น„๊ต โœ… ๊ธฐ๋ณธ ๋น„๊ตํ‘œ ํ•ญ๋ชฉ ๊ด€๊ณ„๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ + ๊ด€๊ณ„๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ ์‚ฌ์šฉ … ๋” ์ฝ๊ธฐ

๐Ÿ“˜ [์ด์ •๋ฆฌ] ๋ชฉ์ ๊ฒฉ ๊ด€๊ณ„๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ ์™„์ „ ๋งˆ์Šคํ„ฐ๏ฝœwhom / which / that / what (์ž๋™ ์ฑ„์ )

๋‘ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋กœ! ์˜์–ด ๋ฌธ์žฅ์˜ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ ๊ณต์‹ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๊ธฐ์ด์ „ ํ•™์Šต์—์„œ ๊ฐ๊ฐ์˜ ๊ด€๊ณ„๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ(whom, which, that, what)๋ฅผ ๊ณต๋ถ€ํ–ˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด,์ด์ œ๋Š” ์ „์ฒด๋ฅผ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋กœ ์ •๋ฆฌํ•  ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค!๋ชฉ์ ๊ฒฉ ๊ด€๊ณ„๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ์˜ ํ•ต์‹ฌ ๊ฐœ๋…, ๊ตฌ๋ณ„๋ฒ•, ์˜ˆ๋ฌธ, ํ€ด์ฆˆ๋ฅผ ํ•œ๋ˆˆ์— ๋ณต์Šตํ•ด ๋ณด์„ธ์š”. โœ” ํ•™์Šต ๋ชฉํ‘œ ๐Ÿ”น ๋ชฉ์ ๊ฒฉ ๊ด€๊ณ„๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ๋ž€? ๋‘ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์—์„œ **๊ฐ™์€ ๋ช…์‚ฌ(=๋ชฉ์ ์–ด)**๊ฐ€ ๋ฐ˜๋ณต๋  ๋•Œ, ์ด๋ฅผ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐํ•ด ํ•˜๋‚˜์˜ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์œผ๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด์ฃผ๋Š” ๋ฌธ๋ฒ•์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.๐Ÿ‘‰ ์ด ๋ช…์‚ฌ๋Š” ๋’ค ๋ฌธ์žฅ์—์„œ ๋™์‚ฌ์˜ ๋ชฉ์ ์–ด ์—ญํ• ์„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ˆ: … ๋” ์ฝ๊ธฐ

๐Ÿ“˜ [๊ฐœ๋…] ๋ชฉ์ ๊ฒฉ ๊ด€๊ณ„๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ ๏ฝœwhom ๋ฌธ์žฅ ํ•ฉ์น˜๊ธฐ ํ›ˆ๋ จ(์ž๋™์ฑ„์ )

๊ด€๊ณ„๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ๋ฌธ์žฅ์—์„œ ๋ฌธ์žฅ๊ณผ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ๋ถ€๋“œ๋Ÿฝ๊ฒŒ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐํ•˜๋Š” ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์š”์†Œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.๊ทธ์ค‘ ๋ชฉ์ ๊ฒฉ ๊ด€๊ณ„๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ whom์€ ํŠนํžˆ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์„ ๋ชฉ์ ์–ด๋กœ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐํ•  ๋•Œ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜๋ฉฐ, ๊ฒฉ์‹ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ฌธ์žฅ์ด๋‚˜ ๋ฌธ์–ด์ฒด์—์„œ ์ž์ฃผ ๋“ฑ์žฅํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ๊ธ€์—์„œ๋Š” whom์˜ ์ •ํ™•ํ•œ ์“ฐ์ž„๊ณผ ๋ฌธ์žฅ ๊ตฌ์กฐ, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ž๋™ ์ฑ„์  ํ€ด์ฆˆ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด๋ฌธ๋ฒ•์„ ์‹ค์ „์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ์—ฐ์Šตํ•ด๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ์•ˆ๋‚ด๋“œ๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. โœ” ํ•™์Šต ๋ชฉํ‘œ ๐Ÿ”น ๋ชฉ์ ๊ฒฉ ๊ด€๊ณ„๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ๋ž€? ๋‘ ๊ฐœ์˜ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์—์„œ **๊ฐ™์€ ๋ช…์‚ฌ(=์‚ฌ๋žŒ)**๊ฐ€ ๋ชฉ์ ์–ด๋กœ ๋ฐ˜๋ณต๋  ๋•Œ, … ๋” ์ฝ๊ธฐ

๐Ÿ“˜ [๊ฐœ๋…] ์†Œ์œ ๊ฒฉ ๊ด€๊ณ„๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ ๏ฝœwhose ๋ฌธ์žฅ ํ•ฉ์น˜๊ธฐ ํ›ˆ๋ จ (์ž๋™ ์ฑ„์ )

๊ด€๊ณ„๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ๋ฌธ์žฅ์˜ ํ๋ฆ„์„ ์ž์—ฐ์Šค๋Ÿฝ๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ํ•ต์‹ฌ ๋ฌธ๋ฒ•์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.๊ทธ์ค‘์—์„œ๋„ ์†Œ์œ ๊ฒฉ ๊ด€๊ณ„๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ whose๋Š” ‘๋ˆ„๊ตฌ์˜ ๊ฒƒ’์ธ์ง€๋ฅผ ์ •ํ™•ํžˆ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด๋ฉฐ, ์ค‘ํ•™๊ต ์˜์–ด์—์„œ ์ž์ฃผ ๋“ฑ์žฅํ•˜๋Š” ์œ ํ˜•์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ๊ธ€์—์„œ๋Š” whose์˜ ์“ฐ์ž„๊ณผ ๋ฌธ์žฅ ๊ตฌ์กฐ, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ž๋™ ์ฑ„์  ํ€ด์ฆˆ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด์ง์ ‘ ์—ฐ์Šตํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ ๊ฐœ๋…์„ ์™„๋ฒฝํžˆ ์ตํž ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ๋„์™€๋“œ๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. โœ” ํ•™์Šต ๋ชฉํ‘œ ๐Ÿ”น ์†Œ์œ ๊ฒฉ ๊ด€๊ณ„๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ๋ž€? ๋‘ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์—์„œ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋ช…์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋–ค ๋Œ€์ƒ์„ ์†Œ์œ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์„ ๋•Œ, ์ด๋ฅผ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐํ•˜์—ฌ … ๋” ์ฝ๊ธฐ

[๊ฐœ๋…] ์ฃผ๊ฒฉ ๊ด€๊ณ„๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ ๋ฌธ์žฅ ํ•ฉ์น˜๊ธฐ ํ›ˆ๋ จ (์ž๋™ ์ฑ„์ )

๋‘ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋กœ! ์˜์–ด ๋ฌธ์žฅ์˜ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ ๊ณต์‹ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๊ธฐ โœ” ํ•™์Šต ๋ชฉํ‘œ ๐Ÿ”น ์ฃผ๊ฒฉ ๊ด€๊ณ„๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ๋ž€? ๋‘ ๊ฐœ์˜ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์—์„œ **๊ฐ™์€ ๋ช…์‚ฌ(=์ฃผ์–ด)**๊ฐ€ ๋ฐ˜๋ณต๋  ๋•Œ, ์ด๋ฅผ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐํ•ด ํ•˜๋‚˜์˜ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์œผ๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด์ฃผ๋Š” ๋ฌธ๋ฒ• ์š”์†Œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.์ฃผ์–ด ์—ญํ• ์„ ํ•˜๋ฉฐ, ๋’ค์— ๋™์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ๋”ฐ๋ผ์˜ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๐Ÿ”น ๊ณต์‹ ์ •๋ฆฌ [๋ช…์‚ฌ] + who / which / that + [๋™์‚ฌ] … โœจ ์ฃผ๊ฒฉ ๊ด€๊ณ„๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ๋Š” ํ•ญ์ƒ ๋™์‚ฌ ์•ž์— ์œ„์น˜ํ•˜๋ฉฐ, ์•ž ๋ฌธ์žฅ์˜ … ๋” ์ฝ๊ธฐ

[๊ฐœ๋…] ๊ด€๊ณ„๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ ์ •๋ฆฌ๏ฝœ์ฃผ๊ฒฉยท๋ชฉ์ ๊ฒฉยท์†Œ์œ ๊ฒฉ ๊ด€๊ณ„๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ ์ด์ •๋ฆฌ

ํ•™์Šต ๋ชฉํ‘œ 1) ๋ฌธ์žฅ ํ•ฉ์น˜๊ธฐ ๊ตฌ์กฐ์  ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ• 2) ์‹ค์ „ ๋ฌธ์žฅ ์ž‘์„ฑ ๊ฟ€ํŒ ๐Ÿ 2. ๊ด€๊ณ„๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ ๊ธฐ๋ณธํ‘œ ์„ ํ–‰์‚ฌ ์ข…๋ฅ˜ ์ฃผ๊ฒฉ ์†Œ์œ ๊ฒฉ ๋ชฉ์ ๊ฒฉ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ who whose whom ์‚ฌ๋ฌผ, ๋™๋ฌผ which whose (of which) which ์‚ฌ๋žŒ, ์‚ฌ๋ฌผ, ๋™๋ฌผ that โ€“ that ์‚ฌ๋ฌผ(์„ ํ–‰์‚ฌ ํฌํ•จ) what โ€“ what 3. ๊ด€๊ณ„๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ๋ณ„ ์—ญํ• ๊ณผ ์˜ˆ๋ฌธ ๊ด€๊ณ„๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ ๋œป๊ณผ ์—ญํ•  ๋ถ„๋ฆฌ๋œ ๋ฌธ์žฅ ์˜ˆ์‹œ ํ•ฉ์นœ ๋ฌธ์žฅ … ๋” ์ฝ๊ธฐ